PARA A QUESTÃO, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
Texto 1
LANDFILLS AND THE INTRODUCTION OF NANOMATERIALS IN WASTE
Waste disposal on land (dumping) and landfilling remain the most prominent waste
management techniques used ______. The standards and practices for this type of waste
disposal vary greatly ranging from uncontrolled sites to highly specialised and controlled
engineered landfills. The potential ______ of contaminants through landfill gas and leachate is
largely dependent on landfill design, site conditions and the sophistication of the control measures
in place, ______ landfill gas recovery and leachate collection and treatment systems.
Modern engineered landfills use ______ barriers, with few relying on natural barriers, to line the
bottom of a landfill and incorporate collection systems for both leachate and landfill gas. The
purpose of these collection systems is to capture and treat leachate and landfill gas; ______
preventing the migration of leachate into ground/surface water and the release of untreated landfill
gases to the atmosphere. An un-engineered landfill would be considered an uncontrolled system
due to the lack of environmental controls, potentially resulting in significant environmental exposure
of contaminants.
Because of widespread use of ENMs in a broad range of products, it is possible that some
ENMs ______ through landfill gases; however this report will primarily focus on ENMs that may be
present in landfill leachate, as this is considered to be the primary means by which ENMs could be
transported______ a landfill. Characterisation of landfill gases to identify the presence of ENMs
______ an important area for further research.
Landfill leachate is generated when rain passes through the waste mass and by the liquid
generated due to the breakdown of waste ______ the landfill. The composition of leachate is
extremely ______ depending on the type of waste landfilled, the quantity of precipitation, the
construction and operation of the landfill, the age of the landfill and other factors such as pH,
temperature and microbial populations.
(…)
ENMs = engineered nanomaterials.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Landfills and the introduction of
nanomaterials in waste. In: Landfilling of waste containing nanomaterials and nanowaste, 2015.
Disponível em: . Acesso em: 22/04/2015.
PARA A QUESTÃO, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
- A)prior
- B)out of
- C)by
- D)afresh
- E)up
Resposta:
A alternativa correta é B)
O texto apresenta lacunas que exigem compreensão do contexto sobre aterros sanitários e a introdução de nanomateriais. A expressão "transported ______ a landfill" indica movimento de saída do interior do aterro para o exterior. Analisando as opções:
B) out of - Correta, pois indica direção "para fora de", descrevendo adequadamente o transporte de ENMs do interior para o exterior do aterro através do lixiviado.
A) prior - Incorreta, pois se refere a temporalidade ("anterior a") e não a movimento espacial.
C) by - Incorreta, pois indicaria meio/agente ("por"), não direção.
D) afresh - Incorreta, pois significa "novamente" ou "de novo", não se aplicando ao contexto.
E) up - Incorreta, pois indica movimento ascendente ("para cima"), não correspondendo à preposição necessária.
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