Uma determinada quantidade de um gás ideal ocupa um volume V0 a uma temperatura T0 sob pressão p0 e sofre uma transformação isobárica na qual seu volume final passa para 2V0. Indique o diagrama que melhor corresponde à transformação sofrida pelo gás.

Let's break down the problem step by step to understand why the correct answer is C.

The question states that a certain amount of an ideal gas occupies a volume V0 at a temperature T0 under pressure p0 and undergoes an isobaric transformation, of which the final volume becomes 2V0. We need to find the diagram that best corresponds to this transformation.

Firstly, let's recall the characteristics of isobaric transformations. In an isobaric process, the pressure remains constant. This means that the pressure of the system remains the same throughout the transformation, which is from V0 to 2V0.

Now, let's analyze the given diagrams. Diagram A shows a transformation where the volume increases, but the pressure also increases. This is not an isobaric process, so it cannot be the correct answer.

Diagram B shows a transformation where the volume decreases, and the pressure remains constant. However, the problem states that the final volume becomes 2V0, not less than V0. Therefore, this diagram is also not the correct answer.

Diagram C shows a transformation where the volume increases, and the pressure remains constant. This is an isobaric process, and the final volume becomes 2V0, which matches the problem statement. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Diagrams D and E do not represent isobaric processes, so they cannot be the correct answers.

F and E are not isobaric processes either, so they cannot be the correct answers.

In conclusion, the correct answer is C because it is the only diagram that represents an isobaric process where the volume increases, and the pressure remains constant.