É consequência do atual processo de globalização:

The correct answer is option B) a significant increase in competition among places.

The globalization process has led to a significant increase in competition among places. This is because, globalization has created a more integrated and interconnected world economy, where goods, services, and capital can flow more freely across national borders. As a result, places are now competing with each other to attract investment, talent, and businesses.

This increased competition among places has several implications. On the one hand, it can lead to economic growth and development, as places invest in infrastructure, education, and innovation to become more attractive to businesses and investors. On the other hand, it can also lead to a race to the bottom, where places compete with each other by lowering labor and environmental standards, and offering tax breaks and other incentives to attract businesses.

Furthermore, the increased competition among places has also led to a greater need for cities and regions to differentiate themselves and develop unique selling points to attract businesses and talent. This has led to the development of new economic strategies, such as cluster policies, innovation districts, and smart city initiatives.

In conclusion, the correct answer is option B) a significant increase in competition among places. The globalization process has led to a more integrated and interconnected world economy, where places are now competing with each other to attract investment, talent, and businesses. This increased competition has several implications, including economic growth and development, but also the risk of a race to the bottom and the need for cities and regions to differentiate themselves and develop unique selling points.