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Balanço das reformas

 

[…] A III Sessão Plenária do XI Comitê Central, realizada em 1978, e a direção coletiva central que nela se formou, nucleada em torno do camarada Deng Xiaoping, assumiram a árdua missão de realizar uma grande virada histórica e iniciar um novo período de desenvolvimento da causa do socialismo em nosso país. […]

 

Começou a prevalecer a tese de “tomar a construção econômica como elo fundamental e persistir nos quatro princípios fundamentais e na reforma e na abertura para o exterior”, firmando a base da linha fundamental do Partido para o novo período. […]

 

ZEMIN, Jiang. Revista de política externa. São Paulo: Paz e Terra/NUPRI-USP. v. 1, n. 4, mar./maio 1993. p. 148.

 

O texto aborda a importância das políticas implantadas pelo governo chinês, que consistiram na abertura da economia chinesa ao sistema capitalista externo. Tais reformas modificaram profundamente a industrialização chinesa, através da

Resposta:

Answer: C) The formation of Special Economic Zones, and being poles of attraction for foreign companies, with investments in capital, technology, and business management.

Explanation: The text discusses the importance of policies implemented by the Chinese government, which consisted of opening the Chinese economy to the external capitalist system. These reforms deeply modified Chinese industrialization, through the organization of industrial matrices, similar to those of the "Asian Tigers", and the implementation of a plan called "The Great Leap Forward", with intense public and private investments in strategic sectors.

The reforms also led to the formation of Special Economic Zones, which attracted foreign companies, with investments in capital, technology, and business management. This process was characterized by a neoliberal approach, with the privatization of state-owned enterprises, both national and foreign.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C, which refers to the formation of Special Economic Zones, being poles of attraction for foreign companies, with investments in capital, technology, and business management.

Commentary: The text highlights the significant changes in the Chinese economy, particularly in the industrial sector, with the adoption of policies that opened the country to the external capitalist system. The formation of Special Economic Zones was a key aspect of this process, as it attracted foreign investment and technology, and contributed to the rapid growth of the Chinese economy.

The reforms implemented by the Chinese government, such as the privatization of state-owned enterprises, also followed a neoliberal approach, which aimed to increase economic efficiency and competitiveness. This process had a profound impact on the Chinese economy, transforming it into one of the world's largest economies.

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