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‘Post-truth’ named word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries

In the era of Donald Trump and Brexit, Oxford Dictionaries has declared “post-truth” to be its international word of the year.

Defined by the dictionary as an adjective “relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief”, editors said that use of the term “post-truth” had increased by around 2,000% in 2016 compared to last year. The spike in usage, it said, is “in the context of the EU referendum in the United Kingdom and the presidential election in the United States”.

Contenders for the title had included the noun “alt-right”, shortened from the fuller form “alternative right” and defined as “an ideological grouping associated with extreme conservative or reactionary viewpoints, characterised by a rejection of mainstream politics and by the use of online media to disseminate deliberately controversial content”. First used in 2008, its use “surged” this spring and summer, said the dictionary, with 30% of usage in August alone.

But the increase in usage of post-truth saw the term eventually emerge ahead of the pack. “We first saw the frequency really spike this year in June with buzz over the Brexit vote and Donald Trump securing the Republican presidential nomination. Given that usage of the term hasn’t shown any signs of slowing down, I wouldn’t be surprised if post-truth becomes one of the defining words of our time,” predicted Oxford Dictionaries president Casper Grathwohl.

“It’s not surprising that our choice reflects a year dominated by highly-charged political and social discourse. Fuelled by the rise of social media as a news source and a growing distrust of facts offered up by the establishment, post-truth as a concept has been finding its linguistic footing for some time.”

Disponível em:<https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/nov/15/post-truth-named-word-of-the-year-by-oxford-dictionaries>.Acesso em: 21 fev. 2017. (Adaptado).

Considerando-se a estrutura linguística do texto, verifica-se que

A)os vocábulos em destaque em I wouldn’t be surprised if… e It’s not surprising that… são formas de verbos no particípio e passado.
B)a frase “alt-right”, shortened from the fuller form “alternative right” explica o sentido com que o termo “altright” é empregado no contexto em discussão.
C)a ideia oposta a objective facts are less influential than appeals to emotion está expressa em: objective facts are most influential than appeals to emotion.
D)os termos election, alternative, politics, content e dictionary são cognatos, isto é, seus equivalentes em português possuem forma e significado semelhantes.
E)a afirmação editors said that use of the term “post-truth” had increased…, no discurso direto, seria: Editors said, ‘use of the term “post-truth” have increased…’.

Resposta:

A alternativa correta é B)

Considerando a estrutura linguística do texto, a alternativa correta é a B, pois a frase "alt-right", shortened from the fuller form "alternative right" efetivamente explica a origem e o sentido com que o termo "alt-right" é utilizado no contexto apresentado, demonstrando uma relação de esclarecimento semântico dentro do discurso.

As demais alternativas apresentam incorreções: a A confunde formas verbais (o primeiro exemplo usa futuro simples e o segundo presente contínuo, não particípio ou passado); a C comete erro gramatical ao usar "most influential than" em vez da forma correta "more influential than" para expressar oposição; a D está parcialmente errada pois "content" não é cognato perfeito (em português é "conteúdo", com significado similar mas forma distinta); e a E apresenta erro de conjugação verbal no discurso direto, onde o correto seria "has increased" (present perfect) e não "have increased".

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