Questões Sobre Preposições | Prepositions - Inglês - concurso
Questão 41
NATO ships, helicopters hunt down 7 pirates
NAIROBI, Kenya – NATO warships and helicopters pursued
Somali pirates for seven hours after they attacked a
Norwegian tanker, NATO spokesmen said Sunday, and the high-speed
chase only ended when warning shots were fired at the
pirates’ skiff. Seven pirates attempted to attack the
Norwegian-flagged MV Front Ardenne late Saturday but fled
after crew took evasive maneuvers and alerted warships in
the area, said Portuguese Lt. Cmdr. Alexandre Santos
Fernandes, aboard a warship in the Gulf of Aden, and Cmdr.
Chris Davies, of NATais maritime headquarters in England.
“How the attack was thwarted is unclear, it appears to
have been the actions of the tanker,” Davies said. Fernandes
said no shots were fired at the tanker.
Davies said the pirates sailed into the path of the
Canadian warship Winnipeg, which was escorting a World Food
Program delivery ship through the Gulf of Aden. The American
ship USS Halyburton was also in the area and joined the
chase.
“There was a lengthy pursuit, over seven hours,” Davies said. The pirates hurled weapons into the dark seas as the
Canadian and U.S. warships closed in. The ships are part of NATais anti-piracy mission.
“The skiff abandoned the scene and tried to escape to
Somali territory,” Fernandes said. “It was heading toward
Bossaso but we managed to track them. Warning shots have
been made after several attempts to stop the vessel.”
Both ships deployed helicopters, and naval officers
hailed the pirates over loudspeakers and finally fired
warning shots to stop them, Fernandes said, but not before
the pirates had dumped most of their weapons overboard. NATO
forces boarded the skiff, where they found a rocketpropelled
grenade, and interrogated, disarmed and released
the pirates.
The pirates cannot be prosecuted under Canadian law
because they did not attack Canadian citizens or interests
and the crime was not committed on Canadian territory.
“When a ship is part of NATO, the detention of a person
is a matter for the national authorities,” Fernandes said.
“It stops being a NATO issue and starts being a national
issue.”
The pirates’ release underscores the difficulties navies
have in fighting rampant piracy off the coast of lawless
Somalia. Most of the time, foreign navies simply disarm and
release the pirates they catch due to legal complications
and logistical difficulties in transporting pirates and
witnesses to court.
Pirates have attacked more than 80 boats this year alone,
four times the number assaulted in 2003, according to the
Kuala Lumpur-based International Maritime Bureau. They now
hold at least 18 ships – including a Belgian tanker seized
Saturday with 10 crew aboard – and over 310 crew hostage,
according to an Associated Press count.
(Adapted from: www.ap.org, 04/19/09)
Choose the option in which the prepositions complete the
verb phrases with accuracy, respectively:
I – The ship is bound _______ Africa.
II – We set sail __________ a tour of the Caribbean.
III – The captain was responsible _____________ the incident.
IV – Attention has to be given __________ the weather conditions.
V – Crew members are expected to comply __________ safety
regulations.
- A)for / to / for / for / with
- B)in / for / for / to / to
- C)to / for / for / to / with
- D)to / for / to / to / to
- E)for / to / to / for / with
A alternativa correta é C)
O gabarito correto é a opção C) to / for / for / to / with, conforme a análise das preposições que completam corretamente cada verbo frasal:
I - "bound to Africa" utiliza a preposição "to" para indicar destino direcional.
II - "set sail for" emprega "for" para expressar o objetivo ou destino da viagem.
III - "responsible for" requer a preposição "for" para estabelecer a relação de responsabilidade.
IV - "given to" usa "to" para indicar a direção ou destinatário da atenção.
V - "comply with" exige a preposição "with" para denotar conformidade com regulamentos.
Questão 42
‘Navigation , derived ________ the Latin words
“navis” (meaning “ship”) and “agere” (meaning
“to drive”) is the process of accurately
determining the position and controlling of a craft
or vehicle _________ a desired course. This is
accomplished ______ finding the navigator’s
position compared ________ known locations or
patterns (…)’. (MarineLink.com – Maritime
Reporter and MarineNews magazines online)
The blanks of this excerpt can be adequately filled
by:
- A)from – towards – by – with
- B)from – along – on – with
- C)of – along - on – to
- D)of – towards- by – to
- E)from – along – by – to
A alternativa correta é E)
A resposta correta é a alternativa E) from – along – by – to, que preenche adequadamente as lacunas do texto conforme as regras gramaticais e de uso da língua inglesa.
A primeira lacuna requer a preposição "from" para indicar origem (derived from), seguida por "along" para expressar movimento ao longo de um curso (controlling along a desired course). A terceira lacuna utiliza "by" para indicar meio ou método (accomplished by finding), e a quarta exige "to" para estabelecer comparação (compared to known locations).
As demais alternativas apresentam combinações incorretas, como "of" em vez de "from" para indicar origem, "towards" que implica direção rather than acompanhamento, ou "with" que não se aplica adequadamente à estrutura de comparação.
Questão 43
I – Jack is __________ charge of the marketing
department.
II – Thanks for looking _________ me when I was
ill.
III – He is ________ his third year in the company.
IV – She used to be a dancer, but now she works
_________a sales manager.
- A)on/ for/ on/ as
- B)in/ after/ in/ as
- C)in/ after/ on/ as
- D)in/ for/ in/ with
- E)on/ after/ on/ with
A alternativa correta é X)
O gabarito correto é a alternativa B) in/ after/ in/ as.
I - A expressão correta é "in charge of", que significa "responsável por" ou "encarregado de". Portanto: "Jack is in charge of the marketing department."
II - O phrasal verb "look after" significa "cuidar de" ou "tomar conta de". A frase fica: "Thanks for looking after me when I was ill."
III - Para indicar período de tempo dentro de um ano específico, usamos "in". A construção correta é: "He is in his third year in the company."
IV - A preposição "as" é usada para indicar função ou cargo. A forma correta é: "She used to be a dancer, but now she works as a sales manager."
As outras alternativas contêm combinações incorretas de preposições que não seguem as estruturas fixas da língua inglesa.
Questão 44
Which sequence completes the text below?
“I cannot understand why the Spring is so late
_______ coming,” said the Selfish Giant, as he sat
_______ the window and looked _____________ this cold white garden; “I hope there will
be a change ______ the weather.” (Adapted from
The Selfish Giant by Oscar Wilde)
- A)in – at – out – in – of
- B)in – on – at – out – in
- C)for – by – out – on – of
- D)in – at – out – at – in
- E)for – by – at – out – in
A alternativa correta é D)
A sequência correta que completa o texto é a alternativa D) in – at – out – at – in.
Analisando cada lacuna:
1. "so late in coming" - A preposição "in" é utilizada para indicar um período de tempo ou temporada, sendo apropriada para se referir à estação da primavera.
2. "sat at the window" - A preposição "at" é correta para indicar uma posição específica, como sentar-se junto à janela.
3. "looked out" - O phrasal verb "look out" significa "olhar para fora", descrevendo a ação de observar o exterior.
4. "looked out at this cold white garden" - Novamente, "at" é usado para direcionar o olhar para um objeto ou cenário específico.
5. "a change in the weather" - A preposição "in" é empregada para indicar uma alteração ou modificação em algo.
Portanto, a sequência in – at – out – at – in mantém a coerência gramatical e semântica do texto original.
Questão 45
Read the paragraph below and choose the alternative that
fills in correctly and respectively the blanks below.
“Ketamine, ________ is also a drug used recreationally to
achieve a sort ______ “out of body” high, “is not ______ all
ready for prime time”, said Dr. James Murrough, an
associate professor of psychiatry at Icahn School of
Medicine at Mt. Sinai. But it is approved ______ use in
anesthesia, so it’s available legally. And years of small and
preliminary trials have offered tantalizing evidence of its
powerful and fast-acting antidepressant effect ______
patients whose depression has failed to yield to other
treatments.”
Ketamine: a potential rescue drug for depression
takes a step forward. Available in: http://www.latimes.com
- A)what/ off/ at/ to/ for
- B)whose/ of/ in/ for/ in
- C)which/ of/ at/ for/ on
- D)which/ from/ over/ of/ over
- E)that/ of/ over/ of/ on
A alternativa correta é C)
Analisando o preenchimento das lacunas do texto:
Na primeira lacuna, "Ketamine, ________ is also a drug", a estrutura exige um pronome relativo para "Ketamine", que é um objeto não humano. "Which" é o pronome relativo adequado para coisas/animais, enquanto "that" não seria usado após vírgula em inglês formal.
Na segunda lacuna, "a sort ______ 'out of body' high", a expressão correta é "sort of" (tipo de), uma construção fixa da língua inglesa.
Na terceira lacuna, "is not ______ all ready", a expressão idiomática é "not at all" (de modo algum), indicando negação completa.
Na quarta lacuna, "approved ______ use", a preposição correta após "approved" é "for" quando se refere à finalidade de uso.
Na quinta lacuna, "effect ______ patients", a relação exige "on" para indicar o efeito sobre alguém.
Portanto, a sequência correta é: which / of / at / for / on, correspondente à alternativa C.
Questão 46
Read the text below and choose the alternative that fills in
correctly and respectively the blanks.
What Food Labels Really Mean
Walk _______ any supermarket and you’ll find rows of
packaged foods boasting how healthy they are. _______ “fat-free”
to “natural” _______ “helps your immune system”, front-ofthe-box
labels may give the appearance _______ good nutrition,
but the reality is a bit more complicated. Unlike the Nutrition
Facts panel, which is tightly regulated, front-of-the-package food
labels aren’t as closely monitored. ________ addition, food
companies tend ________ “stretch the envelope” of what’s
permitted, says Marion Nestle, professor of nutrition, food
studies, and public health _________ New York University. The
result, she says: “Many of the health claims you see are
misleading.”
Available in: http://health.usnews.comnews
- A)into/ from/ to/ of/ in/ to/ at
- B)at/ from/ of/ to/ in/ into/ from
- C)into/ of/ in/ from/ into/ at/ to
- D)of/ into/ to/ from/ at/ to/ from
- E)in/ at/ to/ by/ to/ into/ of
A alternativa correta é A)
A alternativa correta é A) into/ from/ to/ of/ in/ to/ at
Explicação detalhada:
into - Completa a expressão "walk into" (entrar em), indicando movimento para dentro do supermercado.
from - Inicia a construção "from... to..." (de... até...), mostrando uma variação ou range de termos.
to - Finaliza a construção "from... to...", conectando os diferentes tipos de alegações nos rótulos.
of - Forma a expressão "appearance of" (aparência de), indicando posse ou característica.
in - Compõe a expressão fixa "in addition" (além disso, ademais).
to - Segue o verbo "tend" na construção "tend to" (tendem a), indicando uma ação subsequente.
at - Indica localização institucional com "at New York University" (na Universidade de Nova York).
Questão 47
are necessary to convert food (3)____ energy. When people don’t
get enough vitamins, they suffer diseases like scurvy and
rickets. The question isn’t whether people need vitamins. They
do. The questions are how much do they need, and do they get
enough (4)____ foods?”
- A)from - in - in - out
- B)of - in - into - of
- C)of - of - in - in
- D)of - of - in - out
- E)from - in - into - in
A alternativa correta é E)
A sequência correta que completa o texto é a alternativa E) from - in - into - in.
Justificativa:
1. "Derived (1)____ 'vita'": Utiliza-se "from" pois indica origem (derivado de).
2. "meaning life (2)____ Latin": Usa-se "in" para indicar que "vita" tem esse significado em latim.
3. "convert food (3)____ energy": A preposição "into" é a correta, pois indica transformação (converter comida em energia).
4. "get enough (4)____ foods": A preposição "in" é adequada para indicar obtenção através dos alimentos (obter vitaminas nos alimentos).
Portanto, a sequência from - in - into - in mantém a coerência gramatical e semântica do texto.
Questão 48
Which sequence best completes the text below?
Months and years passed, and I grew more distant (1)___
each (2)____ my friends. Various people flew (3) _____ and
(4) _____ of my life. I lost some friends to distance, some to
circumstance. Mostly, they just drifted away (5)____ me,
toward their own lives. A few of these people are still in my
life, and I’m very lucky, because not everyone still has a
friend who knew them when they were seventeen.
(Adapted from http://www.notmyshoes.net/monologues/rachei.html)
- A)from - of - in - out- from
- B)than - of - out - in - of
- C)of - from - in - out - to
- D)than - of - over - out - from
- E)from - of - over - in - of
A alternativa correta é A)
A sequência correta que completa o texto é a alternativa A) from - of - in - out - from. Esta escolha se justifica pela análise das estruturas gramaticais e preposicionais típicas do inglês:
1. "distant from" é a construção padrão para indicar distanciamento em relações pessoais
2. "each of" é a forma correta para se referir a indivíduos dentro de um grupo
3. "flew in" representa a ideia de pessoas entrando em sua vida
4. "out of" completa a antítese com "in", formando a expressão "in and out of my life"
5. "drifted away from" é a construção preposicional adequada para indicar afastamento gradual
As demais alternativas contêm combinações preposicionais que não se adequam semanticamente ao contexto do texto, como "distant than" (B e D), que seria gramaticalmente incorreto, ou "drifted away to" (C), que transmitiria ideia oposta à intencionada.
Questão 49
In which two sentences the verbs are NOT followed by the
correct preposition?
(1) They had to leave to the party right after work.
(2) He’s always dreaming with his ex-girlfriend.
(3) She strongly disagreed with him.
(4) They had to apologize for being rude.
The correct answer is
- A)1 and 2
- B)1 and 4
- C)2 and 3
- D)2 and 4
- E)1 and 3
A alternativa correta é A)
As duas frases em que os verbos NÃO são seguidos pela preposição correta são (1) e (2).
Na frase (1), "They had to leave to the party right after work", o verbo "leave" exige a preposição "for" quando indica destino, não "to". O correto seria: "They had to leave for the party right after work."
Na frase (2), "He's always dreaming with his ex-girlfriend", o verbo "dream" requer a preposição "about" ou "of", não "with". A forma adequada seria: "He's always dreaming about his ex-girlfriend."
As frases (3) e (4) estão corretas: "disagreed with" e "apologize for" seguem as regras de colocações verbais do inglês.
Portanto, a alternativa correta é A) 1 e 2.
Questão 50
Complete the sentences with on, in or at:
Please write your name _____ block capitals.
The train was travelling _____ 120 miles an hour.
Look! That car is _____ fire.
The correct sequence is:
- A)in – at – on
- B)in – on – in
- C)on – on – in
- D)at – at – on
A alternativa correta é A)
A sequência correta para preencher as lacunas é a alternativa A) in – at – on.
Justificativa:
1. "Please write your name in block capitals" - Utilizamos "in" para indicar o modo ou estilo de escrita (letras de forma/maiúsculas).
2. "The train was travelling at 120 miles an hour" - Usamos "at" para indicar velocidade específica ou taxa.
3. "Look! That car is on fire" - A expressão fixa "on fire" significa "em chamas" em português.