Questões Sobre Sinônimos | Synonyms - Inglês - concurso
Questão 21
Um sinônimo para offset, no texto, é
- A)upgraded.
- B)held up.
- C)taken off.
- D)cancelled out.
- E)overcome.
A alternativa correta é D)
O termo "offset" no contexto do texto sobre a história do imposto de renda nos Estados Unidos refere-se à ideia de compensação ou neutralização parcial. A frase indica que o corte tributário de 1981 foi parcialmente contrabalançado por leis fiscais subsequentes que buscaram arrecadar fundos adicionais. Entre as opções apresentadas:
- A) "upgraded" significa atualizado ou melhorado, não transmitindo a noção de compensação.
- B) "held up" pode significar sustentado ou atrasado, não se adequando ao contexto.
- C) "taken off" remete a removido ou decolado, sem relação com a ideia de contrapartida.
- D) "cancelled out" expressa corretamente a noção de anulação parcial ou compensação, sendo o sinônimo adequado.
- E) "overcome" significa superado, não capturando a essência de neutralização progressiva.
Portanto, a alternativa D é a correta, pois "cancelled out" traduz apropriadamente o sentido de que as medidas posteriores neutralizaram parcialmente o impacto do corte tributário.
Questão 22
Read the sentence below and choose the alternative that rewrites it using a synonym to the underlined word.
Our nation is embarked on an ambitious space exploration program, and we owe it to the American taxpayers to get it right.
- A)Our nation is embarked on an ambitious space exploration program, and we can do it to the American taxpayers to get it right
- B)Our nation is embarked on an ambitious space exploration program, and we are in debt to the American taxpayers to get it right.
- C)Our nation is embarked on an ambitious space exploration program, and we might do it to the American taxpayers to get it right.
- D)Our nation is embarked on an ambitious space exploration program, and we will do it to the American taxpayers to get it right.
- E)Our nation is embarked on an ambitious space exploration program, and we are doing it to the American taxpayers to get it right.
A alternativa correta é B)
O exercício solicita a reescrita da frase utilizando um sinônimo para a palavra sublinhada "owe". Analisando as alternativas:
A palavra "owe" em inglês significa "dever" no sentido de ter uma obrigação moral ou financeira. Entre as opções apresentadas, a alternativa B utiliza a expressão "are in debt to", que significa "estamos em dívida com", constituindo um sinônimo direto que mantém o sentido original de obrigação para com os contribuintes americanos.
As demais alternativas alteram significativamente o sentido original: A) "can do it" (podemos fazer), C) "might do it" (poderíamos fazer), D) "will do it" (faremos) e E) "are doing it" (estamos fazendo) não capturam a noção de dever e obrigação presente no termo original "owe".
Portanto, a alternativa correta é efetivamente a B, pois preserva o significado de obrigação moral contido na frase original enquanto substitui adequadamente o verbo sublinhado por seu sinônimo.
Questão 23
Read the text below and answer the questions.
Hedge Fund Manager Donates $100 Million for
Central Park
ceremony at the fountain.
When asked at the news conference what prompted the gift, Mr. Paulson said: “Walking through the
park in different seasons, it kept coming back that in my mind Central Park is the most deserving of ali of New York’s cultural institutions. And I wanted the amount to make a difference. The park is very large, and its endowment is relatively small.”
The park’s current endowment stands at $144 million. Half of Mr. Paulson’s gift will go to the endowment, while the other half will be used for capital improvements. Mr. Paulson mentioned that he considered important: Restoring the park’s North Woods, and sprucing up the Merchanfs Gate entrance at the park’s Southwest comer, the most heavily used entrance.
Mr. Paulson has been a supporter of the Central Park Conservancy for 20 years, but this is his first major gift to the park. He joined the conservancy’s board in June.
Two former parks commissioners, Henry Stern and Adrian Benepe, were at the news conference on Tuesday. It was also attended by Elizabeth Barlow Rogers and Richard Gilder, key figures in the conservancy’s founding.
The announcement was made under cloudy skies in a ceremony attended by hundreds of employees of the Central Park Conservancy in their gray sweatshirts, as well as the conservancy’s board. Doug Blonsky, the president and chief executive officer of the conservancy, which operates Central Park for the city, hailed the gift as “transformational,” saying that it would break the cycle of restoration and decline that has marked the park throughout its 153-year history.
The word “capitar’ in “capital improvements”:
- A)means "main", "essential".
- B)refers to the Hedge Fund Manager.
- C)is a verb.
- D)can be an adverb or a noum.
- E)refers to the most important city in a country.
A alternativa correta é A)
A palavra "capital" no contexto de "capital improvements" refere-se a melhorias estruturais e fundamentais, sendo sinônimo de "principal" ou "essencial". No texto, está associada a investimentos em infraestrutura permanente do parque, como restaurações e reformas significativas, confirmando que a alternativa correta é A) significa "main", "essential".
Questão 24
The phrasal verb “give up” is the same:
- A)use space or time
- B)stop trying
- C)use all of it so that nothing is left
- D)arrive, appear
A alternativa correta é B)
O phrasal verb "give up" em inglês possui um significado específico que corresponde à alternativa B) "stop trying" (parar de tentar/desistir).
Este verbo frasal é comumente utilizado em contextos onde alguém abandona um objetivo, interrompe um esforço ou admite derrota em determinada situação. Exemplos de uso incluem: "She decided to give up smoking" (Ela decidiu parar de fumar) ou "Don't give up on your dreams" (Não desista dos seus sonhos).
As demais alternativas não correspondem ao significado correto:
- A) "use space or time" refere-se a phrasal verbs como "take up"
- C) "use all of it so that nothing is left" descreve "use up"
- D) "arrive, appear" relaciona-se a "show up" ou "turn up"
Questão 25
The phrasal verb “make something up” is the same:
- A)save money to buy something
- B)produce an idea
- C)be introduced in a conversation
- D)invent something that is not true
A alternativa correta é D)
O phrasal verb "make something up" significa inventar algo que não é verdade, como uma história falsa ou desculpa. Analisando as alternativas:
- A) "save money to buy something" refere-se a juntar dinheiro para comprar algo
- B) "produce an idea" significa produzir uma ideia
- C) "be introduced in a conversation" significa ser introduzido em uma conversa
- D) "invent something that is not true" corresponde a inventar algo que não é verdade
Portanto, a alternativa correta é D), pois corresponde exatamente ao significado do phrasal verb.
Questão 26
WELCOME!
And congratulations on your new purchase. You’re now entitled to an unsurpassed service and a number of benefits as part of the Ericsson warranty and service program. Your Ericsson mobile phone was designed to offer you the ultimate in quality, convenience and performance. And of course, we guarantee it. From now on, as the new owner of an Ericsson mobile phone, you’ll have access to a number of exclusive advantages such as: a vast network of Ericsson service centers; a limited 1 year warranty and service agreement, and a toll-free customer service hotline.
WARRANTY CONDITIONS
Dear Customer,
If your Ericsson product needs warranty service, you should send the product to any company authorized service facility. For information contact the store from which you purchased the product. The product in all cases must be accompanied by the following items: your name, address, telephone number, warranty card, bill of sale bearing the serial number, date of delivery, or reasonable proof of these dates, and a detailed description of the problem.
Our warranty
This warranty is extended by Ericsson Inc. (“The Company”) to the original purchaser for use only. Ericsson warrants this product to be free of defects in material and workmanship at the time of its original purchase and for the subsequent period of one (1) year. All accessories for the product are covered for a period of one (1) year fromthe date of purchase.
What we will do
If, during the period of warranty, this product proves defective under normal use and service due to improper materials or workmanship, the company will repair or replace the defective item with a new or factory rebuilt replacement.
(Taken from Ericsson – One yearWarranty and ServiceAgreement)
The verb REPAIR in “the company will repair or replace the defective item with a new or factory rebuilt replacement”means:
- A)fix.
- B)buy.
- C)sell.
- D)change
- E)assemble.
A alternativa correta é A)
O verbo "repair" no contexto da frase "the company will repair or replace the defective item" significa consertar ou arrumar um item que está com defeito, trazendo-o de volta ao seu estado funcional original. Esta é exatamente a definição da alternativa A) fix (consertar).
As demais opções não correspondem ao significado:
- B) buy (comprar) - refere-se à aquisição de um produto, não ao conserto
- C) sell (vender) - relaciona-se à comercialização, não à reparação
- D) change (trocar) - embora a empresa possa substituir o produto, "repair" especificamente indica conserto
- E) assemble (montar) - refere-se à junção de partes, não ao reparo de algo defeituoso
Portanto, a alternativa correta é A) fix, pois "repair" significa consertar ou reparar um item danificado.
Questão 27
WELCOME!
And congratulations on your new purchase. You’re now entitled to an unsurpassed service and a number of benefits as part of the Ericsson warranty and service program. Your Ericsson mobile phone was designed to offer you the ultimate in quality, convenience and performance. And of course, we guarantee it. From now on, as the new owner of an Ericsson mobile phone, you’ll have access to a number of exclusive advantages such as: a vast network of Ericsson service centers; a limited 1 year warranty and service agreement, and a toll-free customer service hotline.
WARRANTY CONDITIONS
Dear Customer,
If your Ericsson product needs warranty service, you should send the product to any company authorized service facility. For information contact the store from which you purchased the product. The product in all cases must be accompanied by the following items: your name, address, telephone number, warranty card, bill of sale bearing the serial number, date of delivery, or reasonable proof of these dates, and a detailed description of the problem.
Our warranty
This warranty is extended by Ericsson Inc. (“The Company”) to the original purchaser for use only. Ericsson warrants this product to be free of defects in material and workmanship at the time of its original purchase and for the subsequent period of one (1) year. All accessories for the product are covered for a period of one (1) year fromthe date of purchase.
What we will do
If, during the period of warranty, this product proves defective under normal use and service due to improper materials or workmanship, the company will repair or replace the defective item with a new or factory rebuilt replacement.
(Taken from Ericsson – One yearWarranty and ServiceAgreement)
The verb PURCHASED in: “contact the store from which you purchased the product”means:
- A)sold
- B)found.
- C)bought.
- D)repaired.
- E)borrowed.
A alternativa correta é C)
O verbo "purchased" na frase "contact the store from which you purchased the product" significa:
- A) vendeu
- B) encontrou
- C) comprou
- D) consertou
- E) emprestou
Explicação: O verbo "purchase" em inglês é sinônimo de "buy" (comprar). No contexto da frase, que se refere ao local onde o consumidor adquiriu o produto, a tradução correta é "comprou". A alternativa C é a única que corresponde semanticamente ao significado original do termo no texto, que trata de garantia para quem adquire um produto novo.
Questão 28
In “My father decided my mother and I should go to the funeral” the modal can be replaced by
- A)may.
- B)could.
- C)might.
- D)have to.
- E)ought to.
A alternativa correta é E)
O modal "should" na frase "My father decided my mother and I should go to the funeral" expressa uma sugestão ou conselho com certo grau de obrigação moral. Analisando as alternativas:
A) "may" indica permissão ou possibilidade, não adequado para substituir a decisão paternal.
B) "could" indica capacidade ou possibilidade, não capta a nuance de dever moral.
C) "might" expressa possibilidade remota, mais fraco que o original.
D) "have to" indica obrigação externa e inevitabilidade, enquanto o contexto mostra uma decisão ponderada.
E) "ought to" é a alternativa correta por expressar dever moral ou conselho forte, mantendo a ideia de que era o apropriado a fazer na situação, alinhando-se perfeitamente com o sentido original de "should".
Questão 29
I n “I was flattered. His confusion meant I could pass as an American.” FLATTERED is
- A)joyful.
- B)pleased.
- C)nativelike.
- D)astonished.
- E)overwhelmed.
A alternativa correta é B)
A palavra "flattered" no contexto apresentado significa que a narradora sentiu-se lisonjeada ou satisfeita com a confusão do funcionário do serviço de imigração. Sua reação demonstra que interpretou positivamente o fato de ser confundida com uma cidadã americana legítima, já que isso validava sua identidade e integração cultural. Entre as opções, "pleased" (satisfeita/contenta) é a que melhor captura esse sentimento de gratificação pessoal, diferindo de "joyful" (alegre intensa), "nativelike" (semelhante a nativo), "astonished" (surpresa) ou "overwhelmed" (sobrecarregada), que não se alinham com o tom específico de satisfação contida descrita no texto.
Questão 30
Michael Jackson went 60 days without real sleep
Michael Jackson died while preparing to set a world record for the most successful concert run ever, but he unknowingly set another record that led to his death.
Jackson may be the only human ever to go two months without REM – Rapid Eye Movement – sleep, which is vital to keep the brain and body alive. The 60 nights of propofol infusions Dr. Conrad Murray said he gave Jackson to treat his insomnia is something a sleep expert says no one had ever undergone.
“The symptoms that Mr. Jackson was exhibiting were consistent with what someone might expect to see of someone suffering from total sleep deprivation over a chronic period,” Dr. Charles Czeisler, a Harvard Medical School sleep expert, testified Friday at the wrongful-death trial of concert promoter AEG Live, company that hired Dr. Conrad Murray as Jackson’s personal physician.
Propofol disrupts the normal sleep cycle and offers no REM sleep, yet it leaves a patient feeling refreshed as if they had experienced genuine sleep, according to Czeisler.
If the singer had not died on June 25, 2009, of an overdose of the surgical anesthetic, the lack of REM sleep may have soon taken his life anyway, according Czeisler’s testimony Friday.
A expressão “deprivation” utilizada no texto pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por:
- A)Epilation.
- B)Restoration
- C)Privation.
- D)Starvation.
A alternativa correta é C)
A palavra "deprivation" no texto refere-se à privação de sono, especificamente à falta total de sono REM. Analisando as alternativas:
A) Epilation significa remoção de pelos, não tendo relação com o contexto.
B) Restoration significa restauração, que é o oposto de privação.
C) Privation é sinônimo de privação, carência ou falta, mantendo exatamente o mesmo sentido do original.
D) Starvation refere-se especificamente à privação de alimentos (fome), não se aplicando ao contexto do sono.
Portanto, a alternativa correta é C) Privation, pois preserva o significado de privação ou falta essencial apresentado no texto.